Flight Safety Information August 22, 2017 - No. 168 In This Issue Accident: Jetblue A320 near Raleigh/Durham on Aug 21st 2017, smoke on board Incident: Caraibes A359 at Pointe a Pitre on Aug 20th 2017, temporary runway excursion damages runway lights and two tyres Minor plane crash reported in Perryille near time of eclipse Gov't to test effectiveness of data recorders in preventing small aircraft crashes Second US drone crashes in southeastern Turkey in 3 days American Airlines passenger tries to open cabin door mid-flight, gets subdued German policeman accidentally fires shot as boarding plane Search for Missing Army Helicopter Crew Suspended in Hawaii GRADUATE RESEARCH SURVEY NTSB Course - Managing Communications Following an Aircraft Accident or Incident NTSB Meeting: Mid-Point MWL Progress Report Workshop NTSB Accident Site Photography Course ERAU Aviation Workshops ERAU - 'Aircraft Crash Survival Investigation and Analysis course' "Angle of Attack" - NOW AVAILABLE FOR ORDER CHC Safety & Quality Summit - 2017 (September 27-29; Grapevine, TX) Accident: Jetblue A320 near Raleigh/Durham on Aug 21st 2017, smoke on board A Jetblue Airbus A320-200, registration N637JB performing flight B6-461 from New York La Guardia,NY to West Palm Beach,FL (USA), was enroute at FL340 about 100nm south of Raleigh/Durham,NC (USA) when the crew decided to turn around and divert to Raleigh/Durham reporting smoke on board. The aircraft landed safely about 25 minutes later. A number of passengers were treated at the airport, 2 passengers were taken to a hospital. The airline reported the aircraft diverted out of abundance of caution. The airport reported a mechanical problem may have caused the smoke on board. Emergency services reported that six passengers were treated at the airport, two more were taken to a hospital with minor injuries. Some passengers complained of headache and a burning sensation in the eyes. A replacement A320-200 registration N599JB departed Raleigh/Durham about hours after landing and reached West Palm Beach with a delay of 6.5 hours. http://avherald.com/h?article=4ad497d8&opt=1 Back to Top Incident: Caraibes A359 at Pointe a Pitre on Aug 20th 2017, temporary runway excursion damages runway lights and two tyres An Air Caraibes Airbus A350-900, registration F-HNET performing flight TX-542 from Paris Orly (France) to Pointe a Pitre (Guadeloupe), landed on Pointe a Pitre's runway 12 at 17:50L (21:50Z) but encountered a windshear, veered to the right and contacted a number of runway edge lights causing a number of them being damaged and two forward right main tyres to be damaged. The crew managed to steer the aircraft back onto the center line of the runway and vacated the runway. The runway needed to be closed for about 4 hours to remove the tyre debris and for repairs. A passenger reported he expected a go around due to the weather conditions, however the aircraft touched down. There was a lot of water, via the onboard cameras they could see the aircraft veer to the right and return to the center of the runway. The occurrence aircraft is still on the ground at Pointe a Pitre 24 hours after landing. http://avherald.com/h?article=4ad4a137&opt=1 Back to Top Minor plane crash reported in Perryille near time of eclipse An airplane crashed shortly after takeoff and around the time of the total solar eclipse in Perryville, Missouri on Monday. William Jones, assistant chief of police and fire in Perryville, said the pilot was flying solo when his single engine high wing plane veered left and flipped over. Jones said the pilot was being looked over for injuries. The FAA will conduct an investigation, Jones said. http://www.semissourian.com/story/2437325.html Back to Top Gov't to test effectiveness of data recorders in preventing small aircraft crashes As the number of small aircraft crashes shows no signs of decreasing, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) solidified plans to test the effectiveness of flight data recorders (FDR) next fiscal year. An FDR is a device that records flight information such as speed, altitude, the angle of an aircraft's inclination, engine output and steering actions, along with other vital information about the state of the flight, from takeoff to landing. The device, which along with the cockpit voice recorder is often referred to as the "black box," is built to withstand the force of a crash or fire. It not only aids in determining the cause of a crash, but also allows for the analysis of pilots' judgments in flights on a regular basis, which is hoped to help prevent accidents. The installation of an FDR is only required by the Civil Aeronautics Act for planes that can take flight with a weight of 5.7 tons or over and helicopters with a weight of at least 7 tons which do not belong to the Self-Defense Forces. Small aircraft fall outside of these specifications. However, according to the Japan Transport Safety Board, out of the 1,379 aircraft crashes since 1974, small plane crashes made up about 28 percent at 389, second only to helicopter accidents. Thus, the MLIT aims to expand FDR use on these aircraft based on the results of the tests. However, a MLIT representative called the installation cost of at least 10 million yen and the complicated task of wiring the device to meters and gauges "a large hurdle to making the devices required by law." But through recent advancements in technology that have resulted in a lightweight simplified device, headway is being made on issues including cost. The MLIT is seeking volunteers from the roughly 2,300 pilots capable of flying small aircraft nationwide to let the ministry install a simplified FDR in their aircraft in order to test if the device can help identify inappropriate operation of the aircraft that could lead to crashes and other information. "We would like to analyze just how much merit there is to having the device onboard," a representation from the ministry said. In recent years, crashes of small aircraft without FDR devices have occurred one after the other. In July 2015, a small plane went down in a residential area in the Tokyo city of Chofu, leaving three people dead and five others injured. The Japan Transport Safety Board presumed from information such as video taken inflight that the crash occurred due to a combination of being overweight and taking off at low speed, but the engine output and decisions made by the pilot were left unclear. In other recent crashes, such as the June accident in the town of Tateyama, Toyama Prefecture, which claimed the lives of four people, the aircraft did not have flight data recorders onboard. https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20170821/p2a/00m/0na/009000c Back to Top Second US drone crashes in southeastern Turkey in 3 days A U.S. drone crashed in southeastern Turkey's ?anl?urfa province on Monday and the cause of the crash was being investigated, according to a statement on the website of the Incirlik air base in Turkey. The drone, an MQ-1 Predator, was being remotely piloted when it crashed in southeast Turkey at around 11:50 a.m. (0850 GMT), according to the statement. The area was cordoned off by Turkish gendarmerie while Turkish and American officials examined the crash scene. This is a second incident involving a crashed drone in three days as a U.S. anti-tank drone hit the ground in southern Adana province's Ceyhan district early Thursday for unknown reasons. Incirlik, in southern Turkey, is home to U.S. Air Force troops involved in NATO missions and the U.S.-led coalition against Daesh terrorist group in the region. Turkish authorities this month detained a suspected Daesh militant of Russian origin after he allegedly planned to use a drone to bring down a U.S. plane at Incirlik. https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/2017/08/21/second-us-drone-crashes-in- southeastern-turkey-in-3-days Back to Top American Airlines passenger tries to open cabin door mid-flight, gets subdued Passengers aboard a recent American Airlines flight from Los Angeles to Minnesota are applauding the crew for how they handled a frightening incident this past Saturday, when a young man tried to open the exit door during the plane's descent. "I think American Airlines did a great job, especially the pilot of the plane kind of keeping everything in order and keeping everyone calm," said passenger Richard Munassi in a statement to CBS Minnesota. According to witnesses, the commotion began a few moments after the pilot announced that the flight was preparing for descent to Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport. "There was a lot of yelling and screaming. I thought perhaps two of the passengers had gotten into maybe a fist fight," Munassi said. In reality, the commotion was not a fight, but a number of passengers that had intervened when they noticed the young man trying to open the cabin door. Another witness, Salman Elmi, said the passengers were able to keep the man from reaching the handle until the flight crew could get to him themselves. "It was a crazy experience," said Elmi, who added that he heard one of the passengers threaten to punch the young man. Once the man was subdued, the plane landed "hot," Munassi said. Munassi later captured footage of the suspect being escorted off the plane by police. A representative for American Airlines also directed inquiries toward the FBI, who is reportedly investigating the incident. A representative for MSP airport also confirmed that the investigation was handed over to the FBI, but told Fox News the following: "On August 19, 2017 at 3:35 p.m., Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport police officers were dispatched to Gate E13 to meet American Airlines Flight 604 from Los Angeles International Airport. Initial radio information was that a passenger attempted to open an emergency door on board the aircraft," the MSP spokesperson stated. "The matter is under investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigations." The incident also marks the fourth time in the last two months that passengers have tried to open an aircraft's doors before the flight had come to an end. In July, a 23-year-old man aboard a Delta flight from Seattle to Beijing was caught lunging for the exit before engaging in a fight with the plane's crew and passengers. A few days later, an AirAsia passenger tried the same thing. And in early August, a 17-year-old successfully opened the emergency door of a Copa Airlines airplane after it landed on the tarmac at San Francisco International Airport before sliding down the wing and onto the ground. According to an aviation blogger who spoke with Travel + Leisure, however, it's "physically impossible" to open a plane door at cruising altitude, as the pressure within the plane "creates a situation where the door cannot open." It's unknown how high off the ground the American Airlines flight was when the latest incident took place, but witnesses say he was waiting until the plane got closer to the ground before he attempted to open the door. http://www.foxnews.com/travel/2017/08/21/american-airlines-passenger-tries-to-open- cabin-door-mid-flight-gets-subdued.html Back to Top German policeman accidentally fires shot as boarding plane BERLIN - Passengers boarding a plane at the German capital's Tegel airport got a scare when a police officer accidentally fired a shot from his service pistol. Police told the dpa news agency the Berlin police detective was boarding the plane to Cologne on Monday morning when the shot went off in the walkway just before he got on the aircraft. The officer was on duty accompanying another passenger but police would give no further details. Nobody was hurt and the plane was able to get underway after a delay. Federal police are investigating the incident. http://wapo.st/2fXhe2Q?tid=ss_tw-bottom&utm_term=.ba01ca230a68 Back to Top Search for Missing Army Helicopter Crew Suspended in Hawaii HONOLULU (AP) - Officials have suspended the search for five Army soldiers who were aboard a helicopter that crashed during offshore training in Hawaii last week. Army and Coast Guard officials on Monday notified the families of the missing soldiers that they were ending the search and rescue operation, said Maj. Gen. Christopher Cavoli, commander of the 25th Infantry Division. The Army identified the missing soldiers as 1st Lt. Kathryn M. Bailey, 26, of Hope Mills, North Carolina; Chief Warrant Officer 3 Brian M. Woeber, 41, of Decatur, Alabama; Chief Warrant Officer 2 Stephen T. Cantrell, 32, of Wichita Falls, Texas; Staff Sgt. Abigail R. Milam, 33, of Jenkins, Kentucky; and Sgt. Michael L. Nelson, 30, of Antioch, Tennessee. "Our five soldiers who represent the best and the brightest of America have not been found," Cavoli said. There has been no determination yet of the crash's cause, Cavoli said after the search was suspended. "It is a very, very difficult decision, and it weighs heavily, particularly on the hearts of the Coast Guard," said Rear Adm. Vincent B. Atkins, commander of the U.S. Coast Guard's 14th District. "We used all of our training and professionalism in this very dynamic environment to mount the best response possible," Atkins added. Two Black Hawk helicopter crews were conducting training off the western tip of Oahu the night of Aug. 15 when one aircrew lost contact with the crew whose helicopter went missing. When the pilot on the lead helicopter realized the other aircraft was missing, he immediately turned his helicopter around and began to search, Cavoli said. But he later determined he didn't have the equipment he needed to launch a professional search so he alerted the Coast Guard, Cavoli said. A multi-agency team searched over 72,000 nautical miles (115,873 kilometers) over the last week but saw no signs of life or of the crew that went missing. They found what appeared to be pieces of helicopter fuselage and a helmet in a debris field that expanded with strong currents to remote, deep areas of the ocean. The Navy brought in remotely operated underwater vehicles and sonar to help in the search and get a better picture of the ocean floor, which drops quickly off the coast of Oahu and is over 1,000 feet (305 meters) deep in parts of the search area. During the search, the Army and Coast Guard held joint briefings with family members every six hours to keep them informed, Cavoli said. Mario Vittone, a retired Coast Guardsman and expert on sea survival, said the fact that parts of the fuselage were found indicated the helicopter's impact with the ocean was substantial. "There's not a big record of people surviving impacts with the water when the impact is so significant that the fuselage is torn apart," he said. People can last about three days without water as long as they are not working very hard, but in the ocean it is difficult to get rest while trying to survive, Vittone said. All five crew members on board had life vests, air bottles for underwater breathing and radios with built-in GPS systems, the Army has said. "All these things lead you to believe they didn't leave the aircraft, because if they could get out of the aircraft and inflate their floatation devices, then why would they not then turn on their beacons?" Vittone said. https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2017-08-21/search-for-missing-army- helicopter-crew-suspended-in-hawaii Back to Top GRADUATE RESEARCH SURVEY This Survey is being undertaken as part of my Master of Science (MSc) in Air Safety Management at City University, London and will form part of the dissertation to determine whether there are benefits to the UK CAA and the wider UK Aviation community, by the UK CAA having to access to CVR recordings. This is particularly relevant to me in my role as Head of Performance Based Regulation (PBR) as one of the principles of PBR is to be able to assess the performance of an organisation to determine the risk and where to focus the resource. Having access to various data sources is a key driver in this approach and CVR data could be one of those additional data sources. This survey has gone through the City university ethics assessment process. All data will be kept anonymous. No personal identifiable information will be collected. All answers reported in analysis will be without any connection to you on any response that you provide. If you would like to take part, please click on the link below. Thank you for your assistance. https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/Y7YC8TK Stephanie Shaw Back to Top Title Managing Communications Following an Aircraft Accident or Incident Co-sponsor Airports Council International - North America (ACI-NA) Description The course will teach participants what to expect in the days immediately following an aviation accident or incident and how they can prepare for their role with the media. ID Code PA302 Dates, Tuition and Fee October 26-27, 2017 $1034 early registration, by August 28, 2017 $1134 late registration, between September 26 and October 21, 2017 $100 processing fee will be added to tuitions for all offline applications. A tuition invoice can be ordered for a $25 processing fee. Note: payment must be made at time of registration. Times Day 1: 8:30am - 5pm Day 2: 9am - 3pm Location NTSB Training Center * 45065 Riverside Parkway * Ashburn, Virginia 20147 Status OPEN. Applications are now being accepted. Apply to Attend SIGN UP FOR THIS COURSE HERE CEUs 1.3 Overview * How the National Transportation Safety Board organizes an accident site and what can be expected in the days after an aviation disaster from the NTSB, FAA, other federal agencies, airline, airport, media and local community * Strategies for airline and airport staff to proactively manage the communication process throughout the on-scene phase of the investigation * How the NTSB public affairs officers coordinate press conferences and release of accident information and what information the spokespersons from the airport and airline will be responsible to provide to the media * Making provisions for and communicating with family members of those involved in the accident * Questions and requests likely encountered from the airlines, airport staff, family members, disaster relief agencies, local officials and others > Comments from course participants > See the 219 organizations from 28 countries that have sent staff to attend this course Performance Results Upon completion of this course the participant will be able to: * Be better prepared to respond to a major aviation disaster involving a flight departing from or destined for participant's airport * Demonstrate greater confidence in fielding on-scene questions about the many aspects of the investigation and its participants, including what types of specific information may be requested * Identify the appropriate Public Affairs roles for the various organizations involved in an accident investigation. * Be more productive in the first few hours after an aviation disaster by understanding which tasks are most important and why * Perform job responsibilities more professionally and with greater confidence given the knowledge and tools to manage the airport communications aspect of a major aviation disaster Who May Attend This course is targeted to who, in the event of an aviation disaster, will need to provide a steady flow of accurate information to media outlets and/or other airport, federal or local authorities. Accommodations Area hotels and restaurants Airports Washington Dulles International (IAD): 10 miles Washington Ronald Reagan National (DCA): 30 miles Baltimore/Washington International (BWI): 60 miles More Information Email StudentServices@ntsb.gov or call (571) 223-3900 https://www.ntsb.gov/Training_Center/Pages/PA302_2017.aspx NTSB Meeting: Mid-Point MWL Progress Report Workshop When Wednesday, November 15, 2017 from 9:00 AM to 12:30 PM EST Where NTSB Board Room and Conference Center 420 10th Street, SW Washington, DC 20594 We cordially invite you to attend the NTSB's 2017-18 Most Wanted List (MWL) Mid-point Progress Report Workshop Meeting on Wednesday, November 15, 2017 from 9 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. at in the NTSB Board Room and Conference Center, 420 10th Street, SW, Washington, D.C. When we moved the MWL announcement from annually to biennially (twice yearly) last year, we committed to assessing at the one-year midpoint our progress with moving forward the issues on the list. This meeting will do just that-we will take stock of where we stand; identify what progress, if any, has been made; highlight lessons learned and best practices; and discuss what additional improvements are needed, if any, to achieve our desired outcomes. The NTSB MWL represents the NTSB's advocacy priorities for the identified timeframe and was developed to increase awareness of, and support for, the most critical changes needed to reduce transportation accidents, save lives, and reduce injuries. For a reminder of the items on the current MWL, visit our web page. But we know that we cannot achieve the desired progress and ultimate outcomes without your help. Making all modes of transportation safer is a team effort! The mid-point progress report workshop meeting will begin with opening remarks by Board Members, followed by break-out sessions, where modal directors and Board Members will lead in a discussion about the progress in the MWL area by mode. This will be your opportunity to provide feedback on what is working and what is not working, and how we can all work more collaboratively. We will also outline some of our MWL action steps for the coming year. Please join us; your feedback is of vital importance. Register Now! Sincerely, Nicholas Worrell NTSB safetyadvocacy@ntsb.gov 202-314-6608 NTSB Accident Site Photography Course Title Accident Site Photography Description Three courses in one training event - two days of photography instruction and practical exercises in addition to one day of digital image processing. Day One - Technical Photography The principles of digital imaging will be explained and demonstrated. Participants will create images to apply techniques discussed in class. Participants should be familiar with the operation of their digital camera prior to attending the course. Day Two - Advanced Accident Site Photography Participants learn how to capture the most important and useful images to document any accident site. Through the use of methods described in this course, participants will expose their own images in various photographic disciplines and then share in critique sessions offering constructive observations for improvement. This session will include interactive instruction and demonstration, as well as practical exercises. Day Three -Digital Image Processing Processing and storing of images for current and archival use in a variety of electronic formats will be discussed. Generally accepted protocols for processing of images to enhance image clarity will be presented, as well as information for retaining authenticity crucial for use as documentary evidence. ID Code IM300S Dates and Tuition October 17-19, 2017 $1,198 early registration by September 17, 2017 $1,248 late registration between September 18, 2017 and October 12, 2017 $100 processing fee will be added to tuitions for all offline applications. A tuition invoice can be ordered for a $25 processing fee. Note: payment must be made at time of registration. Times Day 1 & 3: 8am - 4:30pm Day 2: 8am-1pm and 5pm - 8pm (night documentation exercise) Location NTSB Training Center * 45065 Riverside Parkway * Ashburn, Virginia 20147 Status OPEN. Applications are now being accepted. Apply to Attend SIGN UP FOR THIS COURSE HERE CEUs 1.8 Program Agenda Day One - Technical Photography * Digital photography - how a digital image is formed, processed and stored; digital vs. analog imaging; adjusting resolution & file sizes for particular purposes * Camera usage and care - holding, focusing, light metering, batteries, moisture and cleaning * Elements of exposure - shutter speeds, lens apertures, depth-of-field and exposure vs. noise * Lighting: sources and techniques * Close-up and macro-photography - use of flash, filtration and polarization * Troubleshooting - Resolving difficulties by understanding the basics of digital hardware * Photographer safety and camera care * Digital imaging media, techniques and cautions Day Two - Advanced Accident Site Photography * Project environment - preparing for assignments under any conditions * Documenting the scene - protocols for documentation of any type of accident/incident site * Size, color and positional references - GPS capabilities and animation * Storytelling - capturing images to maximize informational content * Quantitative scene data - virtual reality, photomontage * Authenticity - ensuring image authenticity through use of specific procedures * Photo Reality - taking advantage of contrast, perspective, proper lens focal length and color reproduction * Exercise: Documentation of simulated aircraft accident site Day Three -Digital Image Processing * Workflow process - from image capture to archival storage * Scanning - converting traditional prints into digital images * File types - determining optimal file formats for various image types and usages * Image size - Guidelines for best file sizes for a range of storage and electronic transmission considerations * Compression - balancing the benefits and drawbacks of various modes of image compression * Image Correction - using imaging programs to correct for deficiencies in overall image quality: o Enhancing detail o Adjusting luminosity o Cropping out distracting/irrelevant elements o Correcting distorted color o Improving contrast Authenticity protocols - practices and procedures to ensure that the integrity and accuracy of the documentary digital image is not compromised at any point in the workflow process Equipment Participants must provide an individual digital camera, camera manual and laptop computer. In addition, it is recommended and encouraged that you bring to class all equipment and accessories that you may use on the job, such as scales, mirrors, memory, and tripods. Students should be prepared to photograph at a simulated scene outdoors. Please be prepared for local weather and outdoor working conditions. Who May Attend * NTSB investigators * Federal, state & local investigators, including those outside the field of transportation, who would like to build or enhance photographic skills * Potential participants in an NTSB investigation * Law Enforcement Officers * Safety and Private Investigators * Enforcement Inspectors * Others who would like to build or enhance photographic skills Accommodations Area hotels and restaurants Airports Washington Dulles International (IAD): 10 miles Washington Ronald Reagan National (DCA): 30 miles Baltimore/Washington International (BWI): 60 miles More Information Email StudentServices@ntsb.gov or call (571) 223-3900 Courses, forums and symposia are added to the schedule throughout the year. Subscribe to the e-newsletter to learn about upcoming events and new programs: https://app.ntsb.gov/trainingcenter/list/list_mw020207.htm Back to Top Back to Top Back to Top NOW AVAILABLE FOR ORDER EXCLUSIVELY FROM CURT LEWIS AVIATION BOOKS Starting with the Air France 447 accident, the authors present a fascinating and heartbreaking human interest story about one of the most important events in aviation history. They have also written the defining work on Angle of Attack technology and what it means to every pilot and passenger. Their analysis of worldwide aviation accident history shows how the use of AOA equipment instrument may have prevented aviation tragedies. Autographed first edition copies available from Curt Lewis Aviation Books at http://www.pilot-errormovie.com/book/angle-of-attack Buy the book and Pilot Error, the acclaimed tie-in feature film the Milwaukee Journal calls a "first class ticket" http://www.pilot-errormovie.com/book/book-and-dvd Meet co-author Shem Malmquist at the Beyond Risk Management booth during the ISASI annual seminar in San Diego August 22-24. Shem Malmquist, a 777 Captain and veteran accident investigator, is presenting "Investigating accidents that are a consequence of complex systems," with Dr. John Thomas (MIT) on August 24 at 11:30 a.m. at the ISASI Conference in San Diego. Malmquist will also be at Quinn's Ale House at the convention venue, the Sheraton San Diego Hotel and Marina from 5:15 p.m. to 7 p.m. on August 23. For more details contact the author at spmalmquist@outlook.com or phone 901 302-0779. Co-author Roger Rapoport is a Flight Safety Information contributing editor who conducted over 300 interviews around the world for this book. He is the author of Citizen Moore and has written for Harper's, the Atlantic, Esquire, the Wall Street Journal, Los Angeles Times and the London Independent. WHAT THE EXPERTS ARE SAYING ABOUT ANGLE OF ATTACK "We owe Rapoport and Malmquist a great debt of gratitude. Read every word." -Dr. Gary Helmer, Embry Riddle University "A great resource for aeronautical professionals ... exposes the failed defenses that can reside at each layer of the aviation system. A must-read for anyone with an interest in aviation accident investigation and aviation safety." -Dr. Chris Johnson, Director of Aviation Education and Research, Industrial & Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison "A must-read for professional pilots, aircraft designers, government regulators and political decision makers." -Captain Elaine M. Parker, Beyond Risk Management "Angle of Attack sheds light for the novice and expert alike. Their subject matter expertise is admirable. They have used the Air France 447 crash and other crashes of automated airplanes as examples of accidents that might have been prevented if the crews had access to realistic training to prepare them for those rare events and if their aircraft had been equipped with angle of attack indicators." -Gregory Fox, Director of Safety, Florida Institute of Technology, ATPL pilot, safety manager since 1971, 35 years safety regulator, and 20 years check inspector on A320 and A340. "For the very first time the full story of Air France 447, one of the most significant events in aviation history, is revealed thanks to eight years of painstaking research." -John Darbo, Argus Inernational, former American Airlines manager of internal evaluation and event investigation "You don't have to be a pilot to find this book moving and absorbing." - Adam Hochschild, Author of Spain in Our Hearts and King Leopold's Ghost "This book proves conclusively that education by meteorologists is the key to fundamental understanding of the impact weather has on the elements of the aviation arena." - Debbie Schaum Embry-Riddle University "A masterful work that was hard to put down." -Captain Shawn Pruchnicki Ohio State University for Aviation Studies Curt Lewis