Flight Safety Information - January 13, 2021 No. 010 In This Issue : Incident: Spicejet DH8D enroute on Jan 11th 2021, cabin pressure problems : Harbin Y-12-II - Fatal Accident (Kenya) : The Indonesian airline that just suffered another Boeing 737 crash has a history of 4 accidents in the last 9 years : Indonesia's Sriwijaya flew old planes and neglected routes to become No.3 carrier : The Capitol riots caused chaos in the skies as airlines flew protesters home from a violent day in Washington, DC : Labor Department Rules for Delta Pilot, Against Airline : FAA guilty of 'lapses' in Atlas Air safety oversight and 'failed leadership' : Air Charter Safety Foundation Promotes Russ Lawton & Alyssa Sleight, Hires Frank Raymond as Director of Safety : FAA Warns of Passenger Disruption Ahead of Inauguration : U.S. will require Covid testing for arriving international flights : JetBlue and American Airlines Advance Strategic Alliance Following Regulatory Review : Atlas Air Buys The Last 4 Boeing 747 Aircraft Due To Be Built : Boeing limps into 2021 with more 737 MAX cancellations, delayed 787 deliveries : NASA, Government of Japan Formalize Gateway Partnership for Artemis Program : RTCA Free Webinar, Jan. 21 1pm ET: Nancy Graham of Graham Aerospace presents – Stratospheric Operations : 2021 Aircraft Cabin Air Conference Incident: Spicejet DH8D enroute on Jan 11th 2021, cabin pressure problems A Spicejet de Havilland Dash 8-400, registration VT-SUJ performing flight SG-3282 from Jharsuguda to Kolkata (India) with 54 passengers on board, was enroute at FL220 when the crew received a cabin pressure warning and descended the aircraft. The aircraft continued to Kolkata for a safe landing. The airline reported the aircraft was enroute at 22,000 feet when the crew received a cabin pressure warning, performed an emergency descent and landed safely in Kolkata. No passenger or crew expressed discomfort. http://avherald.com/h?article=4e1a2656&opt=0 Harbin Y-12-II - Fatal Accident (Kenya) Date: Tuesday 12 January 2021 Type: Harbin Y-12-II Operator: Kenya Air Force - KAF Registration: registration unknown C/n / msn: First flight: Crew: Fatalities: / Occupants: Passengers: Fatalities: / Occupants: Total: Fatalities: 4 / Occupants: 4 Aircraft damage: Damaged beyond repair Location: ca 10 km N of Voi ( Kenya) Phase: Unknown (UNK) Nature: Military Departure airport: Nairobi-Moi Air Base (HKRE), Kenya Destination airport: ? Narrative: A Kenya Air Force Harbin Y-12 airplane crashed under unknown circumstances at Irima hill in Tsavo East National Park near Voi, Kenya. All four occupants were killed. https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20210112-0 The Indonesian airline that just suffered another Boeing 737 crash has a history of 4 accidents in the last 9 years - all with the same plane Indonesian carrier Sriwijaya Air has a track record of incidents with the Boeing 737, mostly from pilot error and aircraft overshooting the runway on landing. Saturday's incident is the airline's fifth incident with the Boeing 737 since 2008 and the only one in which passengers lost their lives. The Boeing 737, however, has been a proven safe aircraft. Sriwijaya Air is still reeling from the loss of 62 passengers and crew when a Boeing 737-500 airline crashed shortly after takeoff from Jakarta, Indonesia on Saturda, and it's not the first time that the airline has dealt with a high-profile accident. Aviation incident data from the Aviation Safety Network reveals that Sriwijaya Air has had four other mishaps with the Boeing 737 since 2008, resulting in one death and a total loss of each plane. The airline was also only recently removed from the European Union's list of banned air carriers, a designation typically given to airlines believed by the group of countries to be unsafe, in 2018 after an 11-year tenure that began in June 2007. Though all incidents involve the Boeing 737, the aircraft isn't inherently dangerous (recent troubles with 737 Max notwithstanding). The Dash 500 variant that crashed on Saturday also has had a good safety record since its introduction in 1987. A Boeing statistical analysis reveals the "Classic" series of 737 aircraft including the Dash 300, Dash 300, and Dash 500 were among the safest jets of their time in terms of fatal hull losses. Only 58 aircraft from the combined family suffered a complete hull loss since 1987, with 19 incidents resulting in fatalities. Comparatively, the Airbus A320 family that was produced around the same time had 26 hull losses, 12 of which were fatal. But flying for Sriwijaya Air, they've seen multiple crashes. Here's a closer look at Sriwijaya Air's troublesome history with the Boeing 737. May 2017 Sriwijaya Air's most recent accident prior to Saturday occurred in May 2017 on a domestic flight within Indonesia. An uneventful flight from Sorong to Manokwari resulted in the aircraft overshooting the runway by 20 meters, according to Aviation Safety Network, after the plane failed to properly slow down on a wet runway. A total of 146 passengers and six crew members were onboard, but no fatalities were reported. The aircraft involved was a 29-year-old Boeing 737-300 that had been flying since 1988 with a variety of carriers including Air France and Monarch Airlines before arriving at Sriwijaya Air, according to Planespotters.net. June 2012 In 2012, Another Sriwijaya Air flight suffered a runway excursion while a flight crew attempted to land in rainy conditions in Pontianak, Indonesia. The plane's front landing gear collapsed after drifting off of the runway and onto soft ground, according to Aviation Safety Network. A total of 155 passengers and eight crew members were onboard but none were killed. The aircraft was a 22-year-old Boeing 737 that flew primarily for Spain's Futura International Airways before ending up at Sriwijaya Air, according to Planespotters.net. December 2011 A domestic flight from Jakarta to Yogyakarta resulted in another runway excursion following an unstable approach to a wet runway. Pilots noticed that the aircraft wasn't slowing down after touchdown and steered the plane to the left in an attempt to slow down, according to Aviation Safety Network. The aircraft ended up 75 meters from the end of the runway and 54 meters to the left after its right and main landing gear collapsed. Bad weather was one factor in the botched landing as pilots initially diverted the flight to Surabaya, Indonesia to wait out the weather but continued on as soon as the weather improved. The report mentions that the captain was approached by a passenger who was flying to Yogyakarta for his father's funeral. Flight crew had noticed a change in the captain's behavior after the conversation as the passenger explained his situation and the aircraft departed when visibility in Yogyakarta reached two kilometers. A total of 137 passengers and crew were onboard but no fatalities were reported. The aircraft was a 15-year-old Boeing 737-300 that had started its life flying for Belgium's Virgin Express and flew for a handful of carriers around the world before arriving at Sriwijaya Air, according to Planespotters.net. August 2008 The first reported incident in the airline's history came in 2008, five years into its existence, on a domestic flight in Indonesia from Jakarta to Jambi. The flight crew had noticed irregularities with the aircraft's hydraulic system while on approach and attempted to land in wet conditions, according to Aviation Safety Network. After touching down, the captain attempted to manually slow the plane down using its brakes after experiencing difficulty applying reverse thrust with the engines. The plane then went into a field six meters below the runway, eventually coming to a stop 120 meters from the runway's end. All 130 passengers and crew onboard survived but two farmers on the ground were injured and one died. The aircraft was a 22-year-old Boeing 737-200 that had flown for Malaysia Airlines and others before arriving at Sriwijaya Air in May 2004, according to Planespotters.net. https://www.yahoo.com/news/indonesian-airline-just-suffered-another-191834107.html Indonesia's Sriwijaya flew old planes and neglected routes to become No.3 carrier * Acquired old planes, flew less popular routes * Built up domestic market share of around 10% * Privately owned, financial position unclear SYDNEY/JAKARTA Jan 12 (Reuters) - Starting with just one plane in 2003, Indonesia's Sriwijaya Air has become the country's No.3 airline group, aided by its strategy of acquiring old planes at cheap prices and serving routes neglected by competitors. The mid-market airline, which has few international flights, was thrust into the spotlight this week when a nearly 27-year old Boeing Co 737-500 crashed into the Java Sea on Saturday with 62 people on board. Brothers Chandra and Hendry Lie, whose family was involved in tin mining and the garment industry, and their business partners launched Sriwijaya 17 years ago with a single plane that flew from their hometown of Pangkal Pinang on Bangka Island to Indonesia's capital Jakarta. Its focus on second and third-tier routes gave it a loyal customer base and helped it snare nearly 10% market share behind Lion Air and national carrier Garuda Indonesia. "They had a reasonable business approach," an industry source who was not authorised to speak publicly said of Sriwijaya's founders. "They are not flamboyant people like many you see running airlines." They used a conservative business model of acquiring older planes on the cheap rather than taking advantage of low-cost financing to purchase large fleets of new aircraft like other fast-growing carriers such as Lion Air, Malaysia's AirAsia Group Bhd and Vietnam's VietJet Aviation JSC. The fleet of Sriwijaya and regional offshoot NAM Air is nearly 20 years old on average - nearly three times older than Lion Air group, according to website Planespotters.net. The plane involved in the crash, a 737-500, was one of only 77 remaining in service globally, aviation data provider Cirium said. Other current operators including the likes of Nigeria's Air Peace and Kazakhstan's SCAT Airlines. Two former Sriwijaya employees told Reuters there were strategic reasons for keeping such an old model in service beyond the cheaper acquisition cost. The smaller seating capacity of 120 was more appropriate for certain routes like Jakarta to Pontianak on Borneo flown by the plane that crashed on Saturday and the 737-500 could land at airports that were otherwise served by turboprops due to short runway lengths, they said on condition of anonymity. Sriwijaya did not respond immediately to a request for comment. STRATEGY TESTED The crashed jet's black boxes have not yet been recovered so the cause of the accident remains unclear. Older jets can be operated just as safely as newer ones if maintained properly, though the cost of doing so is higher, as are the operating costs because they are less fuel efficient. Rising upkeep costs and low fare prices due to heated competition meant that by 2018 Sriwijaya had accrued large debts owed to Garuda's maintenance arm, GMF AeroAsia. As of Sept. 30, 2020, Sriwijaya and NAM owed around $63 million in unpaid bills to GMF AeroAsia and Garuda had warned of impairment losses on $37.5 million owed by Sriwijaya as part of a failed cooperation agreement, according to GMF AeroAsia and Garuda. The status of its financial position since the start of the pandemic is unclear, but a Sriwijaya pilot, speaking on condition of anonymity, said there were salary cuts and a reduction in the number of planes operating during the pandemic in line with many other airlines globally. The pilot added the airline had been complying with all training and maintenance requirements throughout the pandemic. Sriwijaya and NAM together have 34 planes for operations and half of them are in service, according to Planespotters.net. "The question now is whether Sriwijaya, already in poor financial health, is able to overcome this accident as COVID-19 has crippled all airlines," said Shukor Yusof, head of Malaysian aviation consultancy Endau Analytics. https://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/indonesias-sriwijaya-flew-old-planes-050602556.html The Capitol riots caused chaos in the skies as airlines flew protesters home from a violent day in Washington, DC Airlines have been flying protesters home from last week's "Stop the Steal" rally-turned-riot and some continued rallying while in the air. An American Airlines flight turned into an aerial rally as passengers began chanting "USA," prompting the pilot to threaten to land the plane. Alaska Airlines reported banning 14 passengers after "non-mask compliant," "rowdy," and "argumentative" behavior on a flight from Washington, DC to Seattle. After a day of violence in the nation's capital, many rioters returned home on airliners and brought some of their Wednesday furor with them. Airline pilots and flight attendants as a result have been the first line of defense to prevent the airborne rallies from escalating and endangering other passengers. Federal and local authorities in the District have attempted to prevent some rioters from boarding flights home by increasing coordination between law enforcement and regional airport authorities. But with thousands in attendance on Wednesday, many have slipped through the cracks and managed to fly home. The Department of Justice, for example, has been making arrests in locales as far as Hawaii of persons who stormed the Capitol Building. Multiple airlines that serve Washington, DC confirmed to Insider that increased coordination with law enforcement was a priority and some took additional steps like banning alcohol on flights from the area and moving flight crews out of downtown Washington. The first indications that the flights home would be problematic came before the first rioter even stepped foot in the US Capitol Building as Utah Senator Mitt Romney faced harassment while traveling to Washington. Romney was targeted in the airport for his opposition to Trump and later was the subject of further heckling while onboard a Delta Air Lines flight. Here's how airlines have had to deal with the aftermath of an unprecedented assault on democracy. Don't make me land in Kansas A routine flight from Washington to Phoenix on Friday turned into an impromptu rally as passengers starting chanting "USA" repeatedly. Video taken by conservative activist Mindy Robinson shows the plane filled with the iconic red and white "Make America Great Again" hats that have become intrinsically associated with President Donald Trump. The six-second clip only shows the seated passengers chanting the phrase on the four and a half hour flight but it was enough to rattle the flight crew. "We'll put this plane down in the middle of Kansas and dump people off - I don't care," another video recorded the flight crew as saying. "We will do that if that's what it takes, so behave, please." American told Insider immediately following Wednesday's riots that alcohol wouldn't be served onboard its Washington flights and flight crews would be moved out of downtown areas to airport hotels as a safety precaution. A disdain for mask-wearing while flying The president had long balked at the idea of wearing face masks during the pandemic so it comes as no surprise that his supporters would be similarly resistant, even when traveling in a confined space with hundreds of strangers. Alaska Airlines reported banning 14 passengers on a single flight from Washington to Seattle the day following the riots. A spokesperson for the airline said the passengers were "non-mask compliant, rowdy, argumentative and harassed our crew members." The Seattle-based has been strictly enforcing its mask-wearing rules and even rolled out a yellow card system that discretely warns non-complying passengers that they were at risk of being banned if they didn't mask up. Over 300 passengers have been banned by Alaska alone since the rule was implemented, the spokesperson told Insider. American Airlines also told Insider that some passengers on the rowdy flight from Washington to Phoenix had also been running afoul of the rule. The Federal Aviation Administration weighed in to remind passengers that a passenger causing an in-flight disruption could face a fine of up to $35,000 and possible jail time. US lawmakers harassed at airports Romney was not the only senator accosted by Trump supporters as South Carolina Senator Lindsey Graham needed to be protected by law enforcement at Washington Ronald Reagan National Airport, video shows. Protesters shouted things like "traitor" as Graham waited for his flight, prompting law enforcement to escort the senator away from the general seating area. The incident attributed to the US Capitol Police's decision to extend protection for lawmakers to the region's airports, as Politico reported. https://www.yahoo.com/news/capitol-riots-caused-chaos-skies-213011511.html Labor Department Rules for Delta Pilot, Against Airline The discrimination complaint suit was filed in 2016. By Rob Mark Karlene Petitt Petitt holds a Ph.D. in Aviation Safety and has also published a number of aviation-themed novels. Photo Courtesy Karlene Petitt Whistleblowers exist to shine the light of day on topics that others hoped would fade into the background. Because confirming stories that others deny often makes them unpopular with their employer, laws exist to deter retaliation against them. Nonetheless, whistleblowers are often the recipients of job terminations, demotions, suspensions, discrimination, harassment, and denial-of-benefits promotions. Delta Air Lines first officer Karlene Petitt, who holds a Ph.D. in aviation, claimed she was discriminated against after she reported a number of pilot fatigue and other safety issues at the airline to top management in 2016. Current FAA Administrator Steve Dickson happened to be Delta’s senior vice president of flight operations at the time Petitt filed her report. Not long after that report was filed, the airline sent her to a Delta-hired psychiatrist, who discovered the Petitt suffered from bipolar disorder, a medically disqualifying condition for a cockpit crewmember. Delta quickly removed Petitt from flying status for more than a year and a half. Subsequent psychiatric examinations found Petitt did not suffer from bipolar disorder and she was subsequently returned to flying status. In a December 21, 2020, ruling, the US Department of Labor granted relief to Petitt from her 2016 discrimination complaint filed with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Initially following Petitt’s suit, OSHA dismissed the case for lack of evidence. In August 2018, she formally objected to the findings and asked that her case be reviewed by the Office of Administrative Law Judges. In July 2019, Delta pleaded successfully to have the charges dismissed. Then in March 2020, Petitt filed a Motion to Admit New Evidence of Arbitration Award and a Motion for Brief Stay of Proceedings. In November 2020, Delta attorneys filed an objection to the new evidence. The administrative tribunal eventually found that Delta failed to provide clear and convincing evidence of why they put Petit through a psychiatric evaluation and that the airline did engage in an adverse employment action with discriminatory intent. The tribunal said it was struck, “by the injury Petitt suffered and will likely continue to suffer for the remainder of her professional flying career. During this entire ordeal, Petitt had every reason to fear for the loss of her professional flying career if not her very ability to fly.” The panel finding for Petitt agreed she was entitled to relief, but not the $30 million for which the pilot initially asked. The airline’s attorneys said any compensation should be minimal. The two sides eventually settled on $500,000 to cover back pay and other benefits. Delta was also required to return Petitt to flying status. A recent Wall Street Journal story added details of the suit, including that Dickson “knew about and approved punitive moves against veteran co-pilot Karlene Petitt, who was deemed unfit to fly in December 2016 after being diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The ruling supported Ms. Petitt’s claims that she was singled out for special scrutiny to try to keep her quiet about safety issues.” Petitt’s suit against Delta and later OSHA was [raised as an issue during Dickson’s nominations hearing in the Senate in July 2019. Adding fuel to fire, the WSJ story reported, “The psychiatrist who gave the initial diagnosis, which Delta paid for, years later was forced by Illinois regulators to stop practicing medicine partly due to improprieties involving commercial-pilot screening for the carrier. Under contract provisions between Delta and its pilots’ union, Ms. Petitt was referred to doctors from the Mayo Clinic and elsewhere for subsequent evaluations. She and Delta shared the cost of those follow-up reviews, both of which repudiated the original findings. In reaching his diagnosis, the first psychiatrist didn’t reference any letters of support for Ms. Petitt and, according to the ruling, he didn’t interview anyone about Ms. Petitt, not even the doctor who over the years approved her to retain a commercial pilot’s license. That initial diagnosis also found her experiences years earlier—going to night school while helping her husband’s business and also raising three children under the age of three[—as evidence of] suggested mania.” In the end, the tribunal believed publication of the decision in Petitt’s favor would serve as a deterrent to not only those involved in the retaliatory acts concerning this case but also deter others that might consider contemplating similar actions in the future. Final remarks from the tribunal said, “Deterrence of the wrongdoer and those that know of the conduct committed by the wrongdoer has long been deemed a proper factor when imposing a remedy for misconduct.” Delta Air Lines denied anyone within the company ever retaliated against Petitt and said it will appeal the ruling. https://www.flyingmag.com/story/news/labor-department-pilot-ruling-delta-suit/ FAA guilty of 'lapses' in Atlas Air safety oversight and 'failed leadership' Atlas Air is facing increased scrutiny of its safety processes, following a damning report into FAA oversight. Last month, the US Senate’s Commerce Committee released its findings from a 20-month investigation into the FAA, triggered by the 737 Max crashes. Partly based on disclosures from more than 50 FAA whistleblowers, it focuses on the 737 Max, Southwest Airlines, flight standards in Hawaii and Atlas Air. And the findings are “troubling”, according to Senator Roger Wicker, committee chair. “The report details a number of significant examples of lapses in aviation safety oversight and failed leadership in the FAA,” he said. “It is clear that the agency requires consistent oversight to ensure its work to protect the flying public is executed fully and correctly.” Atlas Air Worldwide (AAWW) was one of just two airlines featured in the report. One whistleblowing inspector stated that the findings for each FAA evaluation of the three AAWW carriers, Atlas, Polar and Southern, were “the worst he had ever seen for any certificate holder”. One of the main criticisms of the FAA’s oversight of Atlas was that it only assigned one principal operations inspector (POI), despite there being three separate operators. A new POI, appointed in 2017, “became aware of this and other deficiencies related to training and certifications. He repeatedly raised his concerns to [FAA] management”, notes the report. A spokesperson for Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings explained: “This organisational structure [of one POI] was thoroughly reviewed and approved by the FAA in 2011. We’ve been operating safely and with full transparency under this structure for over nine years without any issue. In fact, in a prior Certificate Holder Evaluation Process (CHEP) inspection in 2014, no concerns of this structure were raised.” She added: “This decision is made solely by the FAA… In this case, and because Atlas and Polar have virtually identical processes and procedures and operate through a single pilot workforce, more than one POI would be unnecessary. With regard to Southern Air, this is temporary as Southern Air is in the process of being merged with Atlas Air. “It is important to note that there are no gaps or deficiencies in training or oversight in this structure.” Possibly the most damning part of the report concerning Atlas was that the inspector noted a lack of FAA management support “to ensure operator compliance, and that when he pushed back on the operator he was circumvented by his management and told he was not a team player”. He was told by the FAA to treat the operator “as a customer”, and “use discretion in compliance actions to help them be successful”. Some nine months after Atlas’s Trinity Bay crash in which three people died, with the probable cause cited as an “inappropriate response by the first officer”, Atlas complained that its FAA inspector was unprofessional, did not communicate with the company, and was derelict in his oversight duties. The inspector, meanwhile, said he was not “willing to budge on compliance requirements”. Nevertheless, the FAA reprimanded the inspector and reassigned him to Air Transport International. The AAWW spokesperson said: “Atlas’s complaints about the inspector are documented in the report and are solely related to his non-responsiveness and limited availability, and not related to his views of our organisational structure. Atlas never complained or took issue with the POI’s questioning of our organisational structure, as this was fully approved by the FAA.” The three Atlas airlines have had a string of aircraft incidents in recent years, with nine recorded by the Aviation Herald in 2020, or 7.7% of the fleet. This compares with 15 at FedEx, some 2% of its fleet, although the numbers do not take into account aircraft utilisation rates. One AAWW pilot, who preferred not to be named, fearing recrimination by management, told The Loadstar there had been several “severe” incidents, pointing to a Southern Air 777 stall on departure in November at JFK. “These aircraft are highly automated, so to stall a widebody jet is rare,” he explained. “We have had a fatal crash, now a stall on departure,” he said, citing other incidents as well as a “punitive” attitude by management, which he claimed had “led to severe training deficiencies”. He said: “I would have thought after our February 2019 fatal crash that the negative training culture that management has created would have changed, but apparently not. It is time for a change in management.” But the spokesperson for AAWW said: “Our commitment to safety is the foundation of everything we do at Atlas Air Worldwide. We share this commitment with our dedicated crew of over 2,000 pilots, and the union that represents them – and, specifically, the union’s safety representatives. “We have a responsibility, along with the FAA, to ensure the safety of the nation’s aviation system. We continue to work closely with the FAA on all safety and compliance matters in accordance with our safety management system. We constantly implement new procedures and protocols to improve safety. “ The spokesperson added that the airline was “disappointed that we were not contacted during the investigation, or prior to the release of the report, to provide factual context for the references made to Atlas Air and Polar”. The FAA said: “We are carefully reviewing the report from the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation. The FAA is committed to continuous advancement of aviation safety and improving our organisation, processes and culture.” Atlas Air today ordered the final four 747-8Fs ever to be produced, which will deliver between May and October 2022. https://theloadstar.com/faa-guilty-of-lapses-in-atlas-air-safety-oversight-and-failed-leadership/ Air Charter Safety Foundation Promotes Russ Lawton & Alyssa Sleight, Hires Frank Raymond as Director of Safety Air Charter Safety Foundation The Air Charter Safety Foundation (ACSF.aero), a non-profit organization which supports the highest safety standards for 240 business, charter and fractional operators, announced several organizational changes. Russ Lawton was promoted to Vice President of Operations and Alyssa Sleight to Programs Manager, and Frank Raymond has joined the ACSF as its new Director of Safety. ACSF President Bryan Burns explained that the staff changes are a result of the ACSF adding new member benefit programs as well as expanding existing ones. “With the ACSF growing as it has been, we need the additional in-house aviation safety expertise to assist our member companies,” he said. “In that regard, we’re thrilled to welcome Frank Raymond to the team, and we’re delighted to promote Russ and Alyssa, who’ve both contributed significantly to our growth.” Raymond, Lawton and Sleight’s backgrounds and experience reflect careers that have been tightly focused on aviation safety and its administration. Frank Raymond As the ACSF’s new Director of Safety, Frank Raymond is tasked with helping expand the ACSF Industry Audit Standard and Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP), which the ACSF offers in conjunction with the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA). In the coming year, Raymond will also assist ACSF members to improve their safety standards with the rollout of flight data monitoring (FDM) and the newly required safety management system (SMS) standards, per the FAA. Raymond joins the ACSF after having worked for Seattle, Washington-based Vulcan, Inc. for 14 years. While at Vulcan, he launched its flight operational quality assurance (FOQA) program and, in addition, redeveloped the team’s emergency response plan (ERP). Prior to Vulcan, Raymond served in various safety-related roles at Alaska Airlines, including as its ASAP Manager. He attended Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Prescott, Arizona, where he earned a BS in Aerospace Studies, and a master’s in Aeronautical Science at Embry-Riddle’s worldwide campus in Seattle. Raymond also earned his Aviation Safety and Security Certificate from the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, California. In 2016, Raymond was a recipient of the coveted Tony Kern Professionalism in Aviation Award. He has served on the National Business Aviation Association’s Safety Committee leadership team, and chaired the data subgroup to address the National Transportation Safety Bureaus’s recommended A-34-01. Additionally, as a member of the Aviation Safety Information Analysis and Sharing (ASIAS) General Issues and Analysis team, he represented more than 50 business aircraft operators’ interests in improving data analysis efforts. Russ Lawton For more than 40 years, Russ Lawton has held key roles within aviation and system safety. Formerly the ACSF’s Director of Safety and ASAP Program Manager, he has been promoted to serve as its Vice President of Operations. In his new role, he will continue to be responsible for the ACSF’s ASAP program and its 135 participating companies. As well, he will head up revisions to the ACSF Industry Audit Standard for charter operators and fractional aircraft ownership companies. Lawton is a current member of the ASIAS General Issues and Analysis team. He has also served on the FAA SMS aviation rulemaking committee, and previously was responsible for developing and implementing SMS programs for member companies of the National Air Transportation Association (NATA). Prior to joining the ACSF, he served as Director of Operations for Wyvern Consulting, in Nashua, New Hampshire, where he was the company’s lead safety auditor. He was in the first group of accredited auditors for the International Standard for Business Aircraft Operations (IS-BAO). He has assisted the NTSB and the FAA on various safety initiatives, and, for more than 15 years, he has served as an active member of the NBAA Safety Committee. Additionally, he has contributed as an editorial consultant to the Flight Safety Foundation and served as Editor in Chief of the IFR Refresher magazine. He holds a master’s degree in safety from the University of Southern California and a bachelor’s in air commerce from the Florida Institute of Technology. He spends his off-hours as an active Air Transport Pilot (ATP) and flight instructor. Alyssa Sleight Alyssa Sleight formerly was the ACSF’s Assistant Director of Safety, and will now serve as Programs Manager for the organization’s various safety initiatives, including the ASAP Program. In particular, she will continue to organize the back-office logistics of the ASAP training and operations, such as ASAP data collection and coordinating all Event Review Committee meetings. In her new role, she will also provide operational support for the FDM and SMS programs. Sleight is a licensed private pilot and holds a BS in Aeronautics from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach, Florida. She is proficient with SMS platforms that house ASAP data, including ACSF QuickBase, Argus PRISM Armor, Aviation Manuals, BaldwinSMS, FltSap, VOCUS SMS and Web-Based Analytical Technology (WBAT). The Chairman of the Air Charter Safety Foundation, Robert Rufli, had this praise for the ACSF’s organizational changes: “For years, Bryan, Russ and Alyssa have done an exceptional job in launching and facilitating the Aviation Safety Action Program for general aviation. Now as the Foundation’s membership grows and its programs expand, it’s vital to keep the momentum going. Frank Raymond is a strategic addition to the team who can help the team meet their objectives. His in-depth aviation safety experience is the perfect complement to help the Foundation promote continuous improvement through safety-related programs.” To learn more about the ACSF and its member benefits, visit www.acsf.aero. https://www.aviationpros.com/education-training/trade-associations-events/press-release/21205502/air-charter-safety-foundation-air-charter-safety-foundation-promotes-russ-lawton-alyssa-sleight-hires-frank-raymond-as-director-of-safety FAA Warns of Passenger Disruption Ahead of Inauguration As the politically charged atmosphere around the Capitol last week spilled into airports and commercial aircraft, causing disruptions on flights and heckling of elected officials in the terminal, the FAA has issued a preemptive warning for travelers ahead of the Jan. 20 inauguration in Washington. FAA Administrator Steve Dickson released this statement: “As a former airline captain, I can attest from firsthand experience that the cabin crew’s primary responsibility is to ensure the safety of all passengers. I expect all passengers to follow crew member instructions, which are in place for their safety and the safety of flight.” The FAA noted that it “will pursue strong enforcement action against anyone who endangers the safety of a flight, with penalties ranging from monetary fines to jail time.” The upper limit of the fine is $35,000. Airlines have been steadily adding to their own “no fly” lists those passengers who refuse to wear masks in flight. Supposedly more than 2,000 people have been placed on these lists so far, and United Airlines alone added another 60 in the last week. Federal law prohibits you from physically assaulting or threatening to physically assault the crew, and anyone else, on an aircraft. You could be subject to fines of up to $35K and imprisonment for such conduct. https://t.co/eBbu0Ja9i1 #FlySmart pic.twitter.com/YWOcUUAIiW https://www.avweb.com/aviation-news/faa-warns-of-passenger-disruption-ahead-of-inauguration/ U.S. will require Covid testing for arriving international flights Under the impending order, air passengers will be required to test negative up to three days before their flight to the U.S. departs. In this Dec. 22, 2020 file photo, a Qatar Airways plane prepares to take off at San Francisco International Airport during the coronavirus pandemic in San Francisco. | Jeff Chiu, File/AP The U.S. will require that all international air passengers entering the country test negative for the coronavirus starting on Jan. 26, the CDC said Tuesday — a broad expansion of pre-flight testing that the airline industry hopes will replace restrictive quarantines and help reinvigorate air travel. Under the impending order, which an agency spokesperson said will be signed Tuesday and which was first reported by the Wall Street Journal, air passengers will be required to test negative up to three days before their flight to the U.S. departs. They must also provide written documentation of their results or show they've already recovered from the virus to the airline. “Testing does not eliminate all risk, but when combined with a period of staying at home and everyday precautions like wearing masks and social distancing, it can make travel safer, healthier, and more responsible by reducing spread on planes, in airports, and at destinations," said CDC Director Robert Redfield in a statement. It expands on an effort that already had been underway for flights from the U.K., and places a significant responsibility for policing on the airline industry itself. Airlines will have the responsibility of confirming negative results, and will have to deny boarding to passengers if they don't meet the criteria. The announcement meets part of a request from the U.S. airline industry, which has lobbied for pre-flight testing as an alternative to quarantines or other restrictions on who can enter the country. It's unclear whether the government is immediately planning to do away with those other restrictions. Testing has been the travel industry’s best hope for reinvigorating international air travel, and the major U.S. airlines already offer pre-flight testing to help passengers comply with rules in place at their destination. And this week the U.S. airline industry trade group Airlines for America endorsed CDC’s proposal to require a negative Covid test for travelers seeking entry into the U.S. The new requirement may help passengers feel better about flying, but it's not a silver bullet for avoiding infections. A study published last week in the CDC’s Emerging Infectious Diseases journal warned that testing passengers for Covid-19 before they fly may not fully prevent in-flight spread of the virus. Notably, the study came to its conclusions thanks to the kind of enforced quarantine program that the travel industry is fighting to avoid. The researchers studied seven Covid cases detected through New Zealand’s aggressive 14-day “managed isolation and quarantine” program. Long haul flights are particularly vulnerable to potential in-flight transmission of the virus because it's harder to avoid crowding and masks are difficult to keep on for the entire trip, according to Jeff Engel, senior adviser for Covid-19 at the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. “Airlines are always reporting that they circulate their air through filters that filter out 99.9 percent of germs, which is true,” Engel said. “But transmission occurs through direct person-to-person spread without that air even going through the circulation system.” In addition, a test is only a snapshot in time. Justin Lessler, an associate professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, cautioned that if airlines only require a negative test that was taken a few days before passengers actually travel, individuals could become infectious in the time between the test and stepping onto their plane. Testing passengers at the airport using antigen tests that deliver results at the point-of-care would “likely significantly cut down” on the risk of transmission, but Lessler warns there will “always be residual risk.” “That would be far more effective than a PCR test two or three days before somebody got on the aircraft,” Lessler said. “I think that it would have a positive public health impact." In any case, the airport industry has opposed testing in airports. The Airports Council International warned last year that creating long lines for screening in airports would go against social distancing and create security risks. Airlines have also raised concerns about the availability of testing to meet the demands of a requirement. In a recent letter to the Trump administration, the U.S. airline trade group asked the government to consider making rapid testing available to aid airlines in meeting the impending requirement. The industry had also asked for a two-week implementation timeline, to train staff and alert customers. The Department of Homeland Security, which would be responsible for lifting the existing restrictions on non-citizens entering the U.S. from Europe, the U.K., Brazil and elsewhere, did not respond to a request for comment. https://www.politico.com/news/2021/01/12/covid-testing-international-flights-458330 JetBlue and American Airlines Advance Strategic Alliance Following Regulatory Review Airlines to begin introducing key elements of alliance in first quarter 2021 NEW YORK and FORT WORTH, Texas – JetBlue (NASDAQ: JBLU) and American Airlines Group Inc. (NASDAQ: AAL) today announced their strategic alliance is moving ahead following review by the Department of Transportation (DOT). Both carriers will begin implementing key aspects of this innovative and customer-focused alliance in phases, offering more seamless connectivity and better travel choices on routes to and from New York (JFK, LGA and EWR) and Boston (BOS). The carriers also expect this alliance will accelerate each airline’s recovery from the pandemic as customers are attracted to the expansion of options and enhanced service. “Due to the COVID crisis, I fought for and delivered over $40 billion in payroll support to the airlines and its workers to keep the industry from collapsing and prevent massive job loss,” said incoming Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY). “I am glad to see JetBlue and American Airlines collaborating on innovative solutions to save thousands more jobs in a way that also expands New Yorkers’ travel options.” “Through this alliance, we are one step closer to bringing customers even more competition in the Northeast, especially on routes currently served by only one airline with high fares and poor service,” said Scott Laurence, head of revenue and planning at JetBlue. “Customers who love the JetBlue experience can look forward to significant growth at LaGuardia and similarly up to 70 daily flights at Newark, as well as seamless connections onto American’s long-haul network in and out of New York and Boston.” “With this alliance, American and JetBlue will operate the biggest network for our customers in the Northeast, which will allow American to grow our mainline operations as we recover from the pandemic,” said Vasu Raja, American’s Chief Revenue Officer. “We are already planning to launch new international routes to Athens and Tel Aviv this summer, which are just two of many new routes we plan to launch.” Important components of the alliance will be introduced starting in the first quarter of 2021 and phased in over the course of the year: Seamless customer experience With each element of the alliance, customers flying in and out of New York and Boston will enjoy a more seamless experience across both airlines, including the ability to book a single itinerary on either website, access to the alliance’s significant global network, convenient connections, access to loyalty benefits and an improved on-the-ground experience — resulting in a compelling proposition for both leisure and corporate customers. Network alignment in the Northeast The alliance will offer customers the largest network in New York City and Boston, and it will enable new strategic growth opportunities for both airlines, accelerate the replacement of small regional jets with larger aircraft, while greatly expanding the connectivity between each carrier’s network in the Northeast. American will upgauge aircraft and by the end of 2021 will operate all service out of New York with first class. Starting in the first half of 2021, JetBlue and American schedules in New York and Boston will begin to be aligned to give customers new flight options, with improved schedules, better connections, competitive fares and access to more domestic and international destinations. Expanded service in the Northeast As part of the alliance, JetBlue plans to significantly expand its service at New York LaGuardia Airport (LGA), as well as further expand in other NYC airports and in Boston. The alliance will also allow JetBlue to reactivate aircraft that would otherwise sit idle. An expanded operation at LaGuardia further advances JetBlue’s position as New York’s Hometown Airline® and accelerates the airline’s ability to recover. As previously announced, American is introducing brand new service on from New York (JFK) to Tel Aviv (TLV) and Athens (ATH). American’s loyal customers in New York will be introduced to their first long-haul international service in more than four years, with even more new routes on the way. Codeshare agreement Starting later this quarter, JetBlue will place its B6 code on a variety of American flights in New York and Boston. Likewise, American will place its AA code on select JetBlue flights also in at New York’s John F. Kennedy International, LaGuardia (LGA) and Newark Liberty International (EWR) airports, as well as Boston Logan International Airport (BOS). Flights touching New York or Boston from either JetBlue, American or connecting combinations of both will be bookable on jetblue.com and aa.com in the coming weeks. The codeshare will introduce JetBlue customers to more than 60 new routes operated by American and will introduce American’s customers to more than 130 new routes operated by JetBlue. Reciprocal loyalty benefits Later this year, customers of both JetBlue’s TrueBlue and American’s AAdvantage® programs will be able to enjoy reciprocal benefits, including the ability to earn and/or redeem points or miles on either carrier making both loyalty program even more valuable. The airlines are also exploring opportunities to recognize JetBlue Mosaic customers and American’s AAdvantage elite members across both airlines. More details will be announced to loyalty program members later this year. Department of Transportation terminates its review Following an approximately six-month review, the DOT has agreed to terminate its review of the alliance in exchange for a series of commitments to ensure the alliance delivers consumers benefits without harming competition. These include growth commitments to ensure capacity expansion, slot divestitures at JFK and at Washington, D.C.’s Reagan National Airport (DCA), and antitrust compliance measures. Beyond today’s agreement with the DOT, the carriers will also be refraining from certain kinds of coordination in city pair markets where they are substantial competitors to each other and there is little service from other airlines. About JetBlue Airways JetBlue is New York's Hometown Airline®, and a leading carrier in Boston, Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood, Los Angeles, Orlando, and San Juan. JetBlue carries customers across the U.S., Caribbean, and Latin America. For more information, visit jetblue.com. About American Airlines Group American’s purpose is to care for people on life’s journey. Shares of American Airlines Group Inc. trade on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol AAL and the company’s stock is included in the S&P 500. Learn more about what’s happening at American by visiting news.aa.com and connect with American on Twitter @AmericanAir and at Facebook.com/AmericanAirlines. http://news.aa.com/news/news-details/2021/JetBlue-and-American-Airlines-Advance-Strategic-Alliance-Following-Regulatory-Review-NET-ALP-01/default.aspx Atlas Air Buys The Last 4 Boeing 747 Aircraft Due To Be Built Last year we were saddened to learn that Boeing had decided to end the 747 program after 50 years. It seems that Boeing still has surprises up its sleeve as the manufacturer today announced an order for four more Boeing 747s from Atlas Air. In the past fifty years, the Boeing 747 has become known as the Queen of the Skies, and for a good reason. The iconic aircraft with the hump has carried passengers all over the world. However, the current situation has seen many passenger airlines retiring the aircraft type sooner than planned. The largest Boeing 747 fleet gets bigger Boeing today confirmed that Atlas Air had agreed to purchase four 747-8 freighters. The aircraft will be delivered by 2022, as that is when Boeing is currently seeking to end production of the Queen of the Skies. The US manufacturer confirmed that these would be the last four 747-8s to roll off the production line. Atlas Air operates both passenger and freighter versions of the Boeing 747. Just recently, it took delivery of three ex-Virgin Atlantic aircraft. In total, Atlas Air currently has 53 Boeing 747 aircraft. According to the manufacturer, this makes it the largest operator of the type. The airline itself began operations 28 years ago with a single 747. Atlas Air is the largest Boeing 747 operator with 53 of the aircraft. Commenting on the purchase of the aircraft, John W. Dietrich, Atlas Air Worldwide President, and Chief Executive Officer said, “The 747-8F is the best and most versatile widebody freighter in the market, and we are excited to bolster our fleet with the acquisition of these four aircraft… Dedicated freighters – like those operated by our Atlas, Polar and Southern subsidiaries – will continue to be in demand as the global airfreight market, particularly the e-commerce and express sectors, continues to grow.” The final Boeing 747s produced While an order for four aircraft usually isn’t significant, this isn’t the case here. As mentioned above, the order is for the last four 747s that will ever be built by Boeing. As such, this order marks the end of an era, both for Boeing and aviation in general. The first 747 was delivered way back in January 1970 to Pan Am. Since then, the manufacturer has built varying iterations of the jumbo jet, including six 747-400ERs just for Qantas. The most recent iteration of the 747 was the -8. However, it didn’t carry the same popularity in passenger circles as the -400s, with just three airlines placing orders. The aircraft has had more popularity in freight circles. Stan Deal, president, and chief executive officer of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, commented, “The 747 will forever hold a special place in aviation history and we are honored by Atlas Air’s longstanding commitment to the airplane. Atlas Air began operations 28 years ago with a single 747 and it is fitting that they should receive the last 747 production airplanes, ensuring that the ‘Queen of the Skies’ plays a significant role in the global air cargo market for decades to come.” https://simpleflying.com/atlas-air-boeing-747-purchase/ Boeing limps into 2021 with more 737 MAX cancellations, delayed 787 deliveries SEATTLE (Reuters) - Boeing Co delivered about 60% fewer aircraft to customers in 2020 than 2019 and less than one-third the deliveries of rival Airbus, the lowest in 43 years, company data showed on Tuesday. Tuesday’s snapshot of orders and deliveries caps a year in which the coronavirus pandemic and the tail-end of a 20-month 737 MAX grounding after fatal crashes prevented embattled airlines from adding new jets to their sidelined fleets. Also, for a second month, Boeing handed over zero 787 Dreamliners to customers, as intensive inspections over recent production flaws compounded delays from the COVID-19 crisis. Jet deliveries are being closely scrutinized by investors as they generate much-needed cash during the coronavirus crisis. Overall, the U.S. planemaker delivered 39 planes to customers in December, including 27 737 MAX jets, one P-8 maritime patrol aircraft, and 11 widebodies. For the year, it delivered a total of 157 airplanes, down from 380 in 2019 and a record 806 jets in 2018. By comparison, Airbus posted stronger-than-expected deliveries of 566 jets in 2020, remaining the world’s largest planemaker, a title Boeing held from 2012 through 2018. Even so, deliveries at Airbus fell 34% from a record a year earlier, when travel demand was riding high on the increasing mobility of consumers in fast-growing markets across Asia. For jet orders, Boeing booked 90 orders in December, including a previously announced lifeline deal from budget airline Ryanair for 75 737 MAX jets. The best-selling narrowbody was cleared to resume service in November in the U.S. after a 20-month grounding order. Boeing also booked orders for seven MAX jets from unidentified buyers in December, and for eight 777 freighters from the courier arm of Deutsche Post AG DHL Express. But the fresh orders were eclipsed last month as buyers walked away from orders for 105 MAX jets and two 787s, Boeing said. For the year, gross orders were 184 jets, down 25% compared with 2019, and the lowest since 1994. Adjusted for stricter accounting standards, cancellations and orders where the buyer converted to another model, 2020 net orders for all Boeing models moved to negative 1,026 at year-end, from negative 1,048 in November. For the MAX, buyers canceled orders for some 641 jets, while Boeing removed from its backlog another 523 seen as unlikely to be filled when stricter accounting standards are applied. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-boeing-deliveries/boeing-limps-into-2021-with-more-737-max-cancellations-delayed-787-deliveries-idUSKBN29H28M (Photo Credit: NASA) NASA, Government of Japan Formalize Gateway Partnership for Artemis Program NASA and the Government of Japan have finalized an agreement for the lunar Gateway, an orbiting outpost that commercial and international partners will build together. This agreement strengthens the broad effort by the United States to engage international partners in sustainable lunar exploration as part of the Artemis program and to demonstrate the technologies needed for human missions to Mars. Under this agreement, Japan will provide several capabilities for the Gateway’s International Habitation module (I-Hab), which will provide the heart of Gateway life support capabilities and additional space where crew will live, work, and conduct research during Artemis missions. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s (JAXA) planned contributions include I-Hab’s environmental control and life support system, batteries, thermal control, and imagery components, which will be integrated into the module by the European Space Agency (ESA) prior to launch. These capabilities are critical for sustained Gateway operations during crewed and uncrewed time periods. “We’re honored to announce this latest agreement with Japan to support long-term human exploration on and around the Moon as part of the Artemis program,” said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. “Strengthening our international partnerships and commitments to Artemis puts humanity on a solid path to achieve our common goals of sustainable lunar exploration by the end of this decade.” Under an arrangement with Northrop Grumman, Japan also will provide batteries for the Gateway’s Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO), the initial crew cabin for astronauts visiting the Gateway. Additionally, Japan is investigating enhancements to its HTV-X cargo resupply spacecraft, which could result in its use for Gateway logistics resupply. “Leveraging the capabilities that international partners contribute to Gateway will be key to enabling access to the lunar surface,” said Kathy Lueders, associate administrator for the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters. “We are pleased to move forward in these groundbreaking efforts with Japan and our other partners.” The agreement also marks NASA’s intent to provide crew opportunities for Japanese astronauts to the Gateway, which will be determined following additional discussions, and documented in a future arrangement. Approximately one-sixth the size of the International Space Station, the Gateway will serve as a rendezvous point for astronauts traveling to lunar orbit aboard NASA’s Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System rocket prior to transit to low-lunar orbit and the surface of the Moon. From the Gateway, NASA and its partners will use this lunar vantage point as a springboard for robotic and human expeditions to the Moon, and on to Mars. “The capabilities provided by Japan are critical to enabling the interior environment of the Gateway allowing our crews to live and work for longer durations,” said Dan Hartman, Gateway program manager at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. “With the life support systems from Japan, longer duration missions for the Artemis crews can be accomplished with reduced demands on logistics resupply.” NASA astronauts will board a commercially developed lander for the final leg of the journey to the lunar surface, and the agency has contracted with U.S. industry to develop the first two Gateway components, the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) and the HALO, as well as the logistics resupply for Gateway. Japan joins two other international partners in committing to the Gateway with NASA. In November 2020, the United States and Canada signed an agreement to collaborate on the Gateway. CSA’s planned contributions include the outpost’s external robotics system, robotic interfaces, and end-to-end robotic operations. In October 2020, NASA and ESA signed an agreement solidifying ESA’s contributions to the Gateway, which include ESA’s provision of the I-Hab module and refueling modules, along with enhanced lunar communications. In March 2020, NASA selected the first two scientific investigations to fly aboard the Gateway, one from NASA and the other from ESA. NASA and Gateway’s international partners will collaborate to share the scientific data that will be transmitted to Earth. Additional scientific payloads will be selected in the future to fly aboard the outpost. In addition to supporting scientific research conducted by robotic and human lunar surface missions, the Gateway will support activities to test the technologies needed for human missions to Mars. For example, NASA will use the Gateway to demonstrate remote management and long-term reliability of autonomous spacecraft systems and other technologies. Learn more about NASA’s Gateway program at: https://nasa.gov/gateway Learn more about NASA’s Artemis program at: https://www.nasa.gov/artemis https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-government-of-japan-formalize-gateway-partnership-for-artemis-program RTCA Free Webinar, Jan. 21 - 1pm ET: Nancy Graham of Graham Aerospace presents – Stratospheric Operations: New air vehicles and High Altitude Platform Systems (HAPS) are advancing current operations in the national and international airspace every day. What new skills, both from regulators and industry, may be needed to cooperatively manage this airspace? Session followed by a Tech Talk: Stephen Timm, President of Collins Aerospace presents: The Contactless Passenger Journey. Free to attend. Details & Register 2021 Aircraft Cabin Air Conference Registration Now Open ** With over 500 registrants in just 10 days - the sponsors have extended the free registration to the first 1000 registrants ** 2021 Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 15 to 18 March 2021 1500 to 2000 GMT daily via Zoom (0700 to 1200 PST) Four online days of powerful talks given by industry and subject matter experts. Registration is open and currently FREE, so book today! https://www.aircraftcabinair.com/ Following on from the success of the 2017 and 2019 Aircraft Cabin Air Conferences, the 2021 conference will be an essential four-day free modular online event via Zoom. Providing an in-depth overview or update for all those seeking to understand the subject of contaminated air, the flight safety implications, the latest scientific and medical evidence investigating the contaminated air debate and the emerging solutions available to airlines and aircraft operators. The 2021 conference will be the biggest conference ever held on the issue. Who should participate? Airline Management - Aircraft Manufacturers - Safety equipment providers - Health & Safety Regulators - Maintenance Companies - Airline Safety Departments - Air Accident Investigators- Crew & Unions - Policy Makers- Press & Media - Aircraft Insurers - Leasing Companies - Scientists - Occupational Health Professionals - Academics & Researchers - Engineers Register Curt Lewis